1
Laws against fascism are being prepared. Let's recapitulate concepts to define it. Hollywood represents it as a gang of scoundrels in uniform waving banners and shouting orders. The reality is more perverse. According to Franz Leopold Neuman in Behemoth: The Structure & Practice of National Socialism, 1933-1944, fascism is the absolute complicity between big capital and the State. Where the interests of big capital become those of politics, fascism is close by. It is no coincidence that it emerged as a response to the communist Revolution in the Soviet Union.
2
Fascism denies the class struggle, but is the armed wing of capital in it. It terrorizes the lower middle class and the marginalized with the fear of the economic crisis, the left and proletarianization, and enlists them as paramilitaries to reduce socialists, unionists, workers and social movements by brute force. Mussolini was subsidized by the Ansaldo arms factory and the English Secret Service; Hitler financed by the Ruhr arms industries; Franco, supported by landowners and industrialists; Pinochet for the United States and the Chilean oligarchy.
3
Fascism deprives workers of their rights. It eliminates unions, accepts only those led by fascists and integrates them with those of the employers in a corporate State that privileges business interests. According to Francisco Bernal García, “fascist corporatism was the product of a pact between the fascist regime and the large industrial groups for the suppression of social conflict and, at the same time, for the achievement of stable and predictable labor relations.” The same happens in all fascisms.
XNUMX
The economic crisis, daughter of capitalism, is the mother of fascism. Despite being on the winning side in the First World War, Italy emerges from it so destroyed that the middle class is ruined and participates massively in Mussolini's march on Rome. In the election of May 1924, Hitler received only 6,5% of the vote. In December of that year, he only 3,0%. But in 1928, when the great capitalist crisis broke out, he obtained 2,6%, in 1930 he gained 18,3%, and in 1932, 37,2%, with which he gained power and used it to annul the rest. matches. But fascism does not solve the crisis: it makes it worse. Under Mussolini the cost of living tripled without any salary or social compensation. Hitler employed the unemployed to manufacture weapons that led to World War II, which devastated Europe and caused sixty million deaths. Franco begins a civil war that costs more than a million dead and several decades of ruin; The Argentine fascists eliminate some thirty thousand compatriots, Pinochet murders some three thousand Chileans. The remedy is worse than the disease.
5
Fascism calls for the masses, but it is elitist. It courts and serves aristocracies, its leaders come from the upper classes and establish hierarchical and authoritarian systems. The historian Charles Maier emphasizes that by 1927 75% of the members of the Italian fascist party came from the middle and lower middle class; Only 15% were workers, and 10% came from the elites, who, however, occupied high positions and were the ones who ultimately set their objectives and policies. Hitler establishes the Fuhrer-Prinzip: each official uses his subordinates as he sees fit to achieve the goal, and answers only to his superior. The Falangist leader answers only to God and history, that is, to no one.
6
Fascism is racist. Hitler postulated the superiority of the Aryan “race,” Mussolini devastated the Libyans and Abyssinians, and planned the sacrifice of half a million “barbaric and inferior” slaves in favor of 50.000 superior Italians. Fascism sacrifices the people or cultures it despises for its purposes. The Falangists took over Spain with Moorish troops from Melilla. Alber Speer, Hitler's Minister of Industries, extended the Second World War for two to three more years with arms production activated by three million slaves of “inferior” races.
7
Fascism and capitalism have hateful faces that require masks. Fascists copy revolutionary slogans and programs. Mussolini called himself a socialist, Nazism usurped the name of socialism and proclaimed itself a workers' party (Arbeite); In his program he maintained that no other income than that of work should be tolerated. Due to lack of creativity, they steal the symbols of movements of opposite signs. The communist red banners and the swastika, a solar symbol that in the East represents life and good fortune, were confiscated by the Nazis for their death cult.
8
Fascism is blessed. The priests supported the Falangists who went out to kill neighbors and shoot poets. The Pope blessed the troops that Mussolini sent to war; He never denounced Hitler's outrages. Franco and Pinochet were idolized by the Church.
9
Fascism is misogynistic. The mission of women is summed up as kirche, kuchen, kinder, that is to say, church, kitchen, children. A female companion was never publicly represented alongside their leaders, who had them, hid them or carefully relegated them. They only accepted that artists or aviators rose through their own merit or initiative. Hitler locked women in breeding farms to give birth to Aryans; Mussolini assigned them the role of wombs to increase the Italian demographic; Franco and Pinochet confined them to the church and the delivery room.
10
Fascism is anti-intellectual. All the avant-garde movements of the last century were progressive: relativity, expressionism, dadaism, surrealism, constructivism, cubism, existentialism, new figuration. Fascism treated all of them, except futurism, as “degenerate art.” Fascism does not invent, it recycles. He only believes in yesterday, an imaginary yesterday that never existed. Fascism murdered Matteotti, imprisoned Gramsci, shot García Lorca and made José Hernández die in prison. Pinochet murdered Víctor Jara. When I hear about culture, I take out my gun, Goering said. When we hear of fascism, let's get out our culture.
